Home Bakers · Cake Makers · Updated September 2026 ✓ HMRC-sourced

MTD for Home Bakers & Cake Makers —
Food Hygiene Rules and Your Threshold

12 September 2026 ⏱ 9 min read Editorial policy ↗ HMRC eligibility guidance ↗
⚡ Check Your Baking Income
Are you above the MTD threshold?
Total baking / cake income (gross, all platforms combined)
£
Any other self-employment income
£

Combine Instagram, Etsy, Facebook and direct orders into one gross total, before platform fees or ingredient costs are deducted.

The one-line answer
  • Selling cakes and bakes from home, even as a side hustle on Instagram, Etsy or Facebook, makes you self-employed once it moves beyond an occasional favour, the same MTD thresholds apply as any sole trader.
  • You must separately register your kitchen as a food business with your local council, free, and required at least 28 days before you start trading, this is a legal requirement distinct from registering as self-employed with HMRC.
  • Wedding and celebration cake deposits taken months in advance count as income when received under the cash basis, not when the event actually happens.

If you sell cakes, bakes or celebration desserts from your home kitchen, whether through Instagram, Etsy, Facebook Marketplace or word of mouth, and it's moved beyond the occasional favour for a friend into a genuine, regular source of income, you're self-employed for tax purposes. Making Tax Digital applies to you the same way it applies to any sole trader.

Are You Affected by MTD as a Home Baker?

Yes, if your gross baking income, combined across every platform and direct order, plus any other self-employment income, exceeds the relevant threshold:

Tax Year AssessedThresholdMTD Start Date
2024–25Over £50,0006 April 2026. Live since April 2026
2025–26Over £30,0006 April 2027
2026–27Over £20,0006 April 2028

Your gross income is your total order value received before expenses, ingredients, packaging, platform fees, food hygiene course costs are all deducted afterwards, not before, when checking your threshold.

The Food Hygiene Registration Most Home Bakers Miss

Separate from your HMRC registration: registering as self-employed with HMRC does not automatically register your kitchen as a food business. You must separately register with your local council's Environmental Health team, free of charge, at least 28 days before you start selling food from home. This is a genuinely common gap, plenty of home bakers register for Self Assessment and completely overlook this step, which is a legal food safety requirement, not a tax one.

Once registered, an Environmental Health officer may visit to check your kitchen against basic food hygiene standards, this is separate from, and in addition to, anything to do with MTD or your tax return.

Wedding Deposits and the Cash Basis

Wedding and large celebration cakes are typically booked with a deposit paid months, sometimes over a year, in advance, with the balance due closer to the event. Most self-employed bakers use the cash basis, meaning income is recorded when it's received, not when the cake is delivered.

  • A deposit received in March for a wedding cake delivered the following January counts as income in the tax year you received it, not the year of the wedding
  • This can matter for your MTD threshold check in a specific tax year, a run of wedding deposits taken in one quarter can push that year's total higher than your "typical" trading level might suggest

Etsy, Instagram and Facebook Marketplace Fees

If you sell through Etsy or take payments via Instagram checkout, the platform deducts its own fees before paying you out, similar to how Etsy sellers of any product are treated. Your MTD qualifying income is your gross order value, before the platform's fee is deducted, not the net amount that actually lands in your bank account.

What You Can Claim

Expense CategoryExamples
IngredientsFlour, butter, sugar, specialist decorating supplies bought for orders
PackagingCake boxes, boards, delivery packaging, branded stickers or ribbon
Food hygiene trainingLevel 2 Food Hygiene certificate course fees
Platform feesEtsy listing and transaction fees, payment processing charges
Use of homeSimplified flat rate for the kitchen hours used for the business
DeliveryMileage for cake deliveries, at the current HMRC rate

Worked Example

Chloe. Home baker, wedding cakes and everyday bakes

Everyday orders. birthdays, celebration cakes (direct + Instagram)£9,800
Wedding cake deposits received this tax year£11,200
Chloe's MTD qualifying income£21,000

Chloe's combined income of £21,000 sits just above the £20,000 Phase 3 threshold, so she'll join MTD from April 2028, based on her 2026–27 income, even though several of the weddings she's been paid deposits for haven't happened yet.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need to register anywhere other than HMRC to sell cakes from home?

Yes. You must separately register your kitchen as a food business with your local council's Environmental Health team, free of charge, at least 28 days before you start trading. This is a food safety requirement, separate from registering as self-employed with HMRC.

What's the MTD threshold for home bakers?

The same as any self-employed sole trader: over £50,000 gross income in 2024–25 means MTD from April 2026, over £30,000 in 2025–26 means April 2027, over £20,000 in 2026–27 means April 2028.

Does a wedding cake deposit count as income now, or when the wedding happens?

Under the cash basis, which most home bakers use, a deposit counts as income in the tax year you actually receive it, not the year the wedding takes place. This can shift which tax year a deposit falls into for threshold purposes.

Do I use my gross Etsy sale price or the amount after Etsy's fees?

Your gross order value, before Etsy's listing and transaction fees are deducted, counts as your MTD qualifying income. The fees themselves are then claimed separately as a business expense.

I only sell the occasional cake to friends. Does MTD apply to me?

If it's genuinely occasional and not run as a business with a view to profit, you likely aren't self-employed for tax purposes at all. Once it becomes a regular, ongoing activity with repeat customers, it's generally treated as self-employment, and MTD applies once you're above the relevant threshold.

What software do I need as a home baker?

Any HMRC-recognised MTD software works. The main practical need is separating gross platform sales from the fees deducted, and keeping ingredient and packaging receipts organised, which standard software handles easily.

Check Your Full MTD Position

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