CIS · Construction Industry · Updated May 2026

MTD for CIS Contractors —
The Gross Income Rule Explained

📅 22 May 2026 ⏱ 7 min read 📋 HMRC CIS guidance ↗

CIS contractors face a specific and often misunderstood issue under Making Tax Digital: the threshold that determines whether you are subject to MTD is based on your gross CIS income before any deductions at source — not the net amount that hits your bank account after the main contractor has taken their cut.

For many CIS sub-contractors, this distinction is the difference between being above the threshold and below it. A contractor receiving £42,000 net might assume they are below the £50,000 limit — when their gross income of £52,500 actually puts them firmly in scope.

The gross income rule — why it matters

When a main contractor pays a CIS sub-contractor, they are legally required to deduct tax at source before making payment. The standard deduction rate is 20% for registered sub-contractors, or 30% for unregistered sub-contractors. Contractors with gross payment status receive the full amount with no deduction.

For tax purposes generally, your income is what you earned — not what you received after the deduction. The deduction is a tax payment on account, not a reduction in your income. HMRC treats your gross CIS earnings as your income. And for MTD threshold purposes, the same logic applies: it is the gross figure that counts.

🔴
The most common CIS mistake: Looking at your bank statements to assess your income. CIS deductions at source mean your bank balance understates your actual qualifying income. Always use your gross earnings — the full amount invoiced before deduction — when checking your MTD threshold.

Worked example — where the threshold actually sits

⚡ CIS MTD Threshold Calculator
Does your gross CIS income trigger MTD?
Gross CIS income (before deductions)
£
CIS deduction rate
Other self-employment
£

Always use gross — what the contractor invoiced before any deduction. Net received understates your income.

📊 CIS Sub-Contractor — Income Assessment
Gross CIS earnings from Contractor A£38,000
Gross CIS earnings from Contractor B£16,500
CIS deductions at source (20%)−£10,900
Net received in bank account£43,600
Materials and business expenses−£19,000
Taxable profit£35,500
MTD qualifying income (gross)£54,500
⚠ Mandatory from April 2026 — gross CIS income of £54,500 exceeds the £50,000 threshold

Notice what happens here: the taxable profit is only £35,500 — well below the threshold. The net bank receipts are £43,600 — also below. But the gross qualifying income is £54,500 — above. The contractor in this example would not be subject to MTD if profit or net receipts were used, but is clearly in scope under the correct gross income rule.

Do materials count towards qualifying income?

Yes — and this catches many contractors off guard. If your CIS invoice includes both labour and materials, the full invoice amount counts as your qualifying income. Materials are an allowable business expense that reduces your taxable profit, but they do not reduce your qualifying income for the MTD threshold.

A carpenter who invoices £60,000 in a year — of which £20,000 is timber and fixings — still has £60,000 of qualifying income. The £20,000 in materials reduces profit but not threshold.

The only exception is where materials are genuinely recharged separately and can be demonstrated to be pass-through costs rather than income — but this requires clear documentation and is not the default position.

CIS gross payment status

If you hold CIS gross payment status, main contractors pay you in full without deductions. Your qualifying income is still your gross earnings — but in this case your gross and your bank receipts are the same figure, so there is no confusion. You receive £54,500, and £54,500 is your qualifying income.

To qualify for gross payment status, you must pass HMRC's compliance and turnover tests. If you have gross payment status it is worth checking it remains in force — HMRC reviews it annually and can withdraw it if your compliance record deteriorates.

Multiple CIS contractors

Most CIS sub-contractors work for several main contractors during a year. Your qualifying income is the combined gross total from all of them. Add together your gross earnings from every contractor, regardless of each individual amount. It is the annual aggregate that determines whether you are in scope.

ContractorGross EarningsDeduction (20%)Net Received
Contractor A (registered)£28,000£5,600£22,400
Contractor B (registered)£14,000£2,800£11,200
Contractor C (gross status)£11,000£0£11,000
Total£53,000£8,400£44,600
MTD qualifying income: £53,000 — above £50,000 threshold. Mandatory April 2026.

What records do CIS contractors need to keep?

Under MTD, you must keep digital records of all income and expenses. For CIS contractors, this means:

Your quarterly updates to HMRC will need to reflect gross income figures. If your software only records what reached your bank, you will need to manually adjust — which is why using software with a proper CIS module matters.

Best MTD software for CIS contractors

Software links are affiliate — they help fund CheckMyMTD at no cost to you. Recommendations are based purely on CIS suitability.

Your MTD deadlines as a CIS contractor

SubmissionPeriodDeadlineNotes
Q1 Quarterly Update6 Apr – 5 Jul 20267 Aug 2026Soft landing — no points in 2026–27
Q2 Quarterly Update6 Jul – 5 Oct 20267 Nov 2026Soft landing applies
Q3 Quarterly Update6 Oct 2026 – 5 Jan 20277 Feb 2027Soft landing applies
Q4 Quarterly Update6 Jan – 5 Apr 20277 May 2027Soft landing applies
Final DeclarationFull 2026–27 year31 Jan 2028NOT soft-landed — penalty point if late

Frequently asked questions

No — £45,000 is below the April 2026 threshold of £50,000. However, you will be in scope from April 2027 when the threshold drops to £30,000. Start preparing software and digital record keeping now so you are ready well before April 2027.
No. VAT is excluded from qualifying income calculations. Your qualifying income is your gross earnings excluding VAT — the same figure you would report as turnover on your Self Assessment. If you are not VAT registered this question does not arise.
No. PAYE employment income is explicitly excluded from MTD qualifying income. Only your gross CIS sub-contracting income and any other self-employment or rental income counts. A construction worker earning £30,000 PAYE plus £25,000 gross CIS has qualifying income of only £25,000 — below all current thresholds.
CIS deductions are credited against your income tax liability through your Final Declaration. This process works the same under MTD as it did under Self Assessment — you declare your gross income, claim your deductions as a tax credit, and any overpayment is refunded. MTD does not change how deduction relief works, only how you report your income.

Check your exact CIS income position

Enter your gross CIS earnings and get your mandatory date, readiness score and software recommendation.

Run My Free MTD Check →

Related guides